If an employee develops a work-related disease involving the central nervous system, which organic compound is most likely the cause?

The central nervous system can be significantly affected by various organic compounds, but hydrocarbons are particularly known for their potential to cause neurotoxic effects. Hydrocarbons, which are organic compounds made up solely of carbon and hydrogen, include a wide range of substances such as solvents, fuels, and even certain types of plastics. Exposure to hydrocarbon vapors or residues can lead to various neurological symptoms, including dizziness, headaches, cognitive impairment, and in more severe cases, long-term neurological damage.

In workplace settings, hydrocarbons are frequently encountered, especially in industries that use solvents for cleaning or in processes like degreasing and painting. Workers with prolonged exposure to these compounds may be at greater risk for developing central nervous system conditions.

While glycols, esters, and ketones can have health impacts, they are not primarily associated with central nervous system diseases in the same way hydrocarbons are. For instance, glycols are often used in antifreeze and may present other health hazards, but neurotoxic effects are less commonly reported. Esters, commonly used in fragrances and flavors, generally show a lower risk for causing serious CNS diseases. Ketones, such as acetone, may have some nervous system effects but are not as widely implicated in significant